The small finance bank (SFB) sector in India is experiencing significant growth, with loan books expanding at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 20-25%. This growth is driven by lending to small businesses, housing, and vehicles, as well as an increase in deposit mobilization. The sector is expected to reach total advances of over ₹2 trillion by fiscal year 2026. The Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) new roadmap for SFB-to-Universal Bank transitions is also supporting the sector’s growth.
Several SFBs have reported strong performance in the second quarter of FY26. AU Small Finance Bank reported a 17% year-on-year loan book expansion, with deposits growing 21% and a net profit of ₹561 crore. Ujjivan Small Finance Bank saw its loan book grow 14% year-on-year, with deposits rising 15.1% and a net profit of ₹122 crore. Capital Small Finance Bank posted loan book growth of around 18% year-on-year, with deposits increasing 20% and a net profit of ₹35 crore. Suryoday Small Finance Bank experienced strong business growth, with deposits up 35.5% and the loan book expanding 18.9%, but its asset quality weakened and net profit declined.
The valuations of these SFBs vary significantly, with AU Small Finance Bank trading at approximately four times book value and Ujjivan SFB trading at 1.9 times book. Capital SFB and Suryoday SFB trade below book value, indicating subdued valuations due to higher risks or uneven performance. Investors must carefully select SFBs based on consistent growth, controlled risks, and improving profitability.
The SFB sector’s growth is driven by several factors, including the increasing demand for financial services from small businesses and individuals, and the government’s initiatives to promote financial inclusion. The sector’s expansion is also driven by the RBI’s efforts to strengthen the banking system and promote the growth of SFBs. However, the sector also faces challenges, such as intense competition, regulatory risks, and the need to maintain asset quality.
Overall, the SFB sector in India is experiencing significant growth and is expected to continue to play an important role in promoting financial inclusion and supporting the country’s economic growth. Investors must carefully evaluate the performance and valuations of individual SFBs to make informed investment decisions. With the sector’s growth expected to continue, SFBs are evolving from niche micro-lenders into systemic players, and their transition to universal banks is likely to have a significant impact on the Indian banking landscape.