India is making significant strides in its transition to renewable energy, with a goal of achieving 500 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030. As of June 2025, the country has already reached 235.7 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity, with 226.9 GW coming from renewable sources and 8.8 GW from nuclear power. However, the challenge now lies in efficiently transmitting this clean energy to industries, urban centers, and communities across the country. The grid system has become the backbone of India’s energy transition, and the government has launched several initiatives to modernize the transmission network.
The Green Energy Corridor (GEC) is a strategic initiative launched in 2015-16 to integrate renewable power into the national grid. The GEC covers eight renewable-rich states and ensures both inter-state and intra-state connectivity. The first phase of the project involved installing 9,700 circuit kilometers of transmission lines and substations, with a total investment of ₹10,041 crore ($1.2 billion). The GEC has facilitated the grid integration of approximately 20 GW of renewable energy, strengthening India’s power infrastructure.
To manage the variable and decentralized nature of renewable energy generation, India’s grid is evolving into a flexible and intelligent system powered by advanced technologies. Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS), high-capacity transformers, and smart substations are improving efficiency, while AI-powered forecasting and real-time sensors are helping operators manage load fluctuations and prevent congestion. Energy storage solutions, such as grid-scale batteries and pumped hydro systems, are also being used to balance supply and demand.
The Indian government has introduced several policy frameworks to support grid modernization, including the National Smart Grid Mission (NSGM) and Smart Meter National Program (SMNP). These initiatives have enhanced transparency, improved demand-side management, and reduced system losses. Market reforms, such as Locational Marginal Pricing (LMP), are designed to align electricity prices with grid conditions, incentivizing generation where power is most needed.
The energy transition in India requires a robust, scalable, and resilient grid that can support the growing adoption of clean energy in various sectors. Predictive maintenance, digital monitoring, and automated response systems are modernizing operations, while microgrids, integrated storage, and digitally managed distribution networks are enhancing reliability and resilience. The Green Energy Corridor, combined with modern grid technologies and policy support, lays the foundation for a resilient and intelligent national grid that can efficiently transmit clean energy to power industries, energize communities, and drive India towards a sustainable future.