The use of groundwater in industries remains a significant challenge due to the lack of regulation and monitoring. In many cases, companies are allowed to extract groundwater without any significant restrictions, and there is often no metering system in place to track the amount of water being used. This raises concerns about the efficient use of water, as companies may not have an incentive to conserve it. According to Abhishek of Niti Aayog, the cost that companies incur for sourcing water is often much lower than its actual economic, environmental, and social value.
As a result, companies may not be using water efficiently, and this can have significant consequences on the environment and society. The lack of regulation and monitoring makes it difficult to determine the actual amount of water being used, and this can lead to over-extraction of groundwater, which can cause water tables to decline and affect the availability of water for other users. Furthermore, the lack of pricing mechanisms means that companies are not held accountable for their water usage, and this can lead to wastage and inefficient use.
The issue of unregulated groundwater use is not limited to industries, but also affects agriculture and other sectors. In India, for example, groundwater is the primary source of irrigation, and its over-extraction has led to declining water tables and land degradation. The lack of regulation and monitoring has also led to the exploitation of groundwater resources, with many companies and individuals extracting water without permission or paying for it.
To address this challenge, it is essential to establish a robust monitoring and pricing system for groundwater use. This can include the installation of meters to track water usage, as well as the implementation of pricing mechanisms that reflect the true value of water. Additionally, regulations and policies can be put in place to restrict the amount of water that can be extracted and to ensure that companies and individuals use water efficiently. By taking these steps, it is possible to promote sustainable use of groundwater resources and reduce the risks associated with over-extraction and inefficient use. Overall, addressing the challenge of unregulated groundwater use requires a comprehensive approach that involves regulation, monitoring, and pricing, as well as awareness and education among users.