The article highlights the alarming air pollution levels in rural India, particularly in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Haryana. The rural population is plagued by air pollution-related ailments, with many families relying on traditional stoves that burn cow dung cakes and other solid fuels, releasing harmful particles into the air. The author quotes several villagers, including Rukmini Devi, whose son suffers from chronic coughing due to air pollution.
According to satellite-derived data, PM2.5 levels in rural areas are much higher than in urban areas, with the North India region being the most polluted. A 2020 study found that outdoor air pollution in rural areas is just as severe as in urban centers, contributing to significant health impacts, including increased premature mortality from ischemic heart disease and lower respiratory tract infections.
The article also touches on the topic of stubble burning, a major contributor to air pollution, particularly in the agricultural belts. Farmers burn stubble after harvesting, releasing large amounts of fine dust and particles into the air, which can cause respiratory complaints and other health issues.
Despite efforts to reduce the use of solid fuels and promote cleaner cooking options, the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) scheme, which aimed to provide LPG connections to disadvantaged households, has faced challenges. Many beneficiaries have not consistently used LPG, and refilling cylinders remains a significant issue.
The article emphasizes the need to expand air quality monitoring efforts to rural areas, which are often overlooked. Experts suggest relying on remote-sensing and satellite-based data to complement ground-based observation, as installing samplers in every corner of the country is not feasible. The National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) and the National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP) should prioritize rural areas and incorporate reliable data to inform effective preventive measures.
Overall, the article sheds light on the critical issue of air pollution in rural India, highlighting the need for urgent attention and action to address this critical public health concern.